A system that cannot tolerate faults is definitely fragile. 一个不能容忍故障的系统肯定是脆弱的。
The entire “New Life – Seven Years is a Lifetime” is based solely on an analogy that our thinking system is like a computer’s operating system and needs continuous upgrades – since the “manufacturer” does not provide such a service, we have to keep upgrading ourselves…
整个《新生活——七年是一生》完全基于一个类比，我们的思维系统就像电脑的操作系统，需要不断升级——既然“厂家”不提供这样的服务，我们就得不断升级自己……
I am not the first to compare the human brain to a computer. As far as I know, the first person to make such a comparison was John von Neumann, and you must have heard of this person. In his later years, he had an unfinished book, which was later published by Yale University Press and titled:
我不是第一个将人脑比作计算机的人。据我所知，第一个做这种比较的人是约翰·冯·诺依曼，你一定听说过这个人。在他晚年，他有一本未完成的书，后来由耶鲁大学出版社出版，书名是：
The Computer and the Brain
计算机与大脑
What we can learn from computers is actually the mindset and methodology of a very small number of extremely intelligent people. John von Neumann was obviously one of the very few extremely intelligent people to have existed on earth. Today’s computer science (including its “neighbor” engineering) has an important concept:
我们能从计算机中学到的，其实是极少数极其聪明的人的思维方式和方法论。约翰·冯·诺依曼显然是地球上为数不多的极其聪明的人之一。今天的计算机科学（包括它的“邻居”工程）有一个重要的概念：
Fault tolerance 容错
If a system cannot tolerate faults, then it is fragile. Because any system operating in the real world will inevitably face an imperfect, non-ideal, and various unexpected real world. If there is a fault, it will simply stop functioning, and the system is basically useless.
如果一个系统不能容忍故障，那么它就是脆弱的。因为在现实世界中运行的任何系统，都不可避免地会面临一个不完美、不理想、各种意想不到的现实世界。如果出现故障，它只会停止运行，系统基本上没用。
From this point of view, most people, without appropriate training, are basically the same as useless when it comes to fault tolerance. Look at those people who are quick to anger. When things go wrong, they explode in rage, their brains go red, and their systems completely shut down… What are they if not useless? In fact, they are scarier than useless. People who explode in anger are not like a malfunctioning refrigerator, that breaks and that’s it, they are more like an out-of-control train, about to derail and destroy everything in its path…
从这个角度来看，大多数人，没有经过适当的培训，在容错方面基本上和无用是一样的。看看那些容易生气的人。当事情出错时，他们会愤怒地爆炸，他们的大脑会变红，他们的系统会完全关闭……如果不是无用，它们又是什么？事实上，它们比无用更可怕。愤怒中爆炸的人不像一台出现故障的冰箱，坏了，仅此而已，他们更像是一列失控的火车，即将脱轨并摧毁其路径上的一切……
In other words, it’s best to create a certain fault tolerance mechanism for our own operating system. For example, when encountering someone who seems difficult to communicate with (different operation systems), just think, and you will realize that there are at least a few options:
换句话说，最好为我们自己的操作系统创建某种容错机制。例如，当遇到一个似乎难以沟通的人（不同的操作系统）时，只要想一想，你就会意识到至少有几个选择：
- Stop communicating directly (careful not to explode your own emotions and waste time);
停止直接沟通（注意不要爆发自己的情绪，浪费时间）; - Communicate only if you can (for the sake of saving your time and energy)
只在可以的情况下进行沟通（为了节省您的时间和精力） - Find another way to communicate (open a virtual machine?);
寻找另一种通信方式（打开虚拟机？ - Pseudo-communicate… (to avoid igniting the other person’s emotions and wasting your own time)
伪通信…（避免点燃对方的情绪，浪费自己的时间）
You see, these are the effects and benefits of creating a “fault tolerance mechanism” for ourselves. Many years ago, I gave up arguing, and because of writing “Rebirth – Seven Years is a Lifetime”, I even thought I should seriously consider giving up commenting on others and the outside world. Or at least, giving up negative comments about the outside world or others – even if they are wrong or bad, do my comments really matter that much? Instead of spending time on that, it is better to do something that I think is right. There is a concept in engineering called “redundancy,” which was proposed by John von Neumann in the 1950s.
你看，这些是为我们自己创建“容错机制”的效果和好处。很多年前，我放弃了争论，因为写了《重生——七年是一生》，我甚至觉得我应该认真考虑放弃对他人和外界的评论。或者至少，放弃对外界或他人的负面评论——即使它们是错的或坏的，我的评论真的那么重要吗？与其花时间在这上面，不如做一些我认为正确的事情。工程学中有一个叫做“冗余”的概念，是由约翰·冯·诺依曼在 1950 年代提出的。
Redundancy design, for example, is to ensure that a machine (or system) can operate under abnormal conditions, by placing some key components in duplicate…In case one fails, the machine can still operate normally, and even repair or replace the faulty component during the operation of the machine.
例如，冗余设计就是通过将一些关键部件一式两份地放置，来确保机器（或系统）能够在异常条件下运行。万一发生故障，机器仍然可以正常运行，甚至可以在机器运行过程中修理或更换故障部件。
Large trucks have many wheels, and often each set consists of two wheels side by side, which is an application of this design concept. The likelihood of all wheels failing at the same time is almost nil, because if one single wheel breaks, it does not affect the normal functioning of the large truck. This design makes the system more reliable.
大型卡车有许多轮子，并且还常常是每一组由两个轮子并列构成，就是这种设计思想的应用。所有轮子同时坏了的可能性几乎没有，因为某个单个的轮子坏掉，完全不影响大型货车的正常功用。这样的设计使得系统更为可靠。
Upon further consideration, human beings themselves are designed with great redundancy. Many vital organs exist in pairs, such as lungs, kidneys, hands, feet, and so on. Therefore, removing a kidney, losing a hand, missing a leg, going blind in one eye, losing an ear, or even missing several fingers or toes do not fundamentally impact a person’s ability to continue living.
经过进一步考虑，人类本身被设计成具有很大的冗余性。许多重要器官成对存在，如肺、肾、手、脚等。因此，切除一个肾脏、失去一只手、失去一条腿、一只眼睛失明、失去一只耳朵，甚至失去几根手指或脚趾，都不会从根本上影响一个人继续生活的能力。
Why do the head and heart seem more important, yet we only have one of each? (This is a profound question that is beyond the scope of this discussion.)
为什么头脑和心脏看起来更重要，而我们却各有一个？（这是一个深刻的问题，超出了本次讨论的范围。
John von Neumann observed this phenomenon and proposed the concept of “redundancy” in engineering. That is to say, systems without redundancy are usually not robust or reliable enough.
约翰·冯·诺依曼（John von Neumann）观察到了这种现象，并提出了工程中的“冗余”概念。也就是说，没有冗余的系统通常不够健壮或可靠。
Not only are we ourselves designed with strong redundancy, but the entire world also exhibits a high degree of redundancy, doesn’t it? Looking from this perspective, the statement is true: “The Earth doesn’t stop functioning because of your absence!” Indeed, in most cases, the world is still the same, persistently operating in an imperfect or flawed state. Now we know that systems with fault tolerance are more robust, and those designed with redundancy have more lasting operation. So, what should we do?
不仅我们自己设计有很强的冗余，而且整个世界也表现出高度的冗余，不是吗？从这个角度来看，这句话是正确的：“地球不会因为你的缺席而停止运转！事实上，在大多数情况下，世界仍然是一样的，持续在不完美或有缺陷的状态下运作。现在我们知道，具有容错能力的系统更健壮，而那些采用冗余设计的系统具有更持久的运行能力。那么，我们该怎么办呢？
After understanding this principle, I personally began to pay less attention to the flaws of the people I encounter, even those that I used to find particularly repulsive. I try to ignore them as much as possible – because I want to build myself into a system with a high fault tolerance.
在理解了这个原则之后，我个人开始不那么关注我遇到的人的缺点，甚至是那些我曾经觉得特别排斥的缺点。我尽量忽略它们——因为我想把自己构建成一个具有高容错能力的系统。
In the process of practice, I found this to be very challenging. Not only because doing this often makes me seem insincere or without principles (characteristics that I detest), but also because it feels like a waste of time. It takes some time to deeply understand a fact: everything that is more robust requires more cost.
在练习的过程中，我发现这是非常具有挑战性的。不仅因为这样做经常让我看起来不真诚或没有原则（我讨厌的特征），还因为感觉像是在浪费时间。需要一些时间才能深刻理解一个事实：所有更强大的东西都需要更多的成本。
Yes, while other cars have only four wheels, but if you want to get eight pairs of wheels for yourself, it definitely won’t be cheap! After a period of practice, you will realize, as I have, that there are many benefits.
是的，虽然其他汽车只有四个轮子，但如果你想为自己买八对轮子，那绝对不会便宜！经过一段时间的练习，你会像我一样意识到有很多好处。
For example, not only was I against traditional Chinese medicine, I also despised it and even once thought, “How can anyone be stupid enough to believe in Chinese medicine?” – Please forgive the wording I used in a previous life.
例如，我不仅反对中医，而且鄙视它，甚至曾经想过，“怎么会有人傻到相信中医呢？ – 请原谅我前世使用的措辞。
But when I entered fault-tolerance mode, I “discovered” something that would have shocked my previous self: within the group of people who believe in traditional Chinese medicine, there are also many intelligent individuals (some of whom are certainly more intelligent than me) and many interesting people (some of whom are certainly more interesting than me). In any case, I learned a lot from them – whether through positive learning or reverse research.
但是当我进入容错模式时，我“发现”了一些会让我以前的自己感到震惊的事情：在相信中医的人群中，也有很多聪明的人（其中一些人肯定比我聪明）和许多有趣的人（其中一些人肯定比我更有趣）。无论如何，我从他们身上学到了很多东西——无论是通过积极学习还是逆向研究。
The most important gain after implementing fault tolerance is broadening areas of study and engaging in deeper thinking.
实施容错后最重要的收获是拓宽了研究领域并进行了更深入的思考。
It’s easy to imagine that a more robust, more powerful, and more reliable system naturally goes further, does more, and grows faster. Another experience is that fault tolerance is one’s own business. As for that “fault,” try not to expose it. Similar to a computer, it “alarms upon encountering an error” to be addressed promptly; however, the computer’s system alarms itself upon an error, not others. The reason is simple: alerting other systems is useless! Generally, publicizing faults may not be advantageous and may even be detrimental – openly doing so would obstruct further opportunities and practices of “fault tolerance.”
不难想象，一个更强大、更强大、更可靠的系统自然会走得更远、做得更多、增长得更快。另一个经验是，容错是自己的事。至于那个“错误”，尽量不要暴露它。与计算机类似，它“遇到错误时会发出警报”，需要及时解决;但是，计算机的系统会在出现错误时发出警报，而不是其他错误。原因很简单：提醒其他系统是没有用的！一般来说，公开错误可能没有好处，甚至可能是有害的——公开这样做会阻碍进一步的“容错”机会和实践。
Of course, there are some exceptions. Some mistakes are intolerable. Naturally, I don’t need to provide ethical education here, do I?
当然，也有一些例外。有些错误是不能容忍的。当然，我不需要在这里提供道德教育，不是吗？
Originally posted 2024-04-06 09:02:44.